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	diff --git a/src/app/Utils.php b/src/app/Utils.php
	index b3896f80..8ccc5ecf 100644
	--- a/src/app/Utils.php
	+++ b/src/app/Utils.php
	@@ -1,568 +1,572 @@
	<?php

	namespace App;

	use Carbon\Carbon;
	use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
	use Ramsey\Uuid\Uuid;
	use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;

	/**
	* Small utility functions for App.
	*/
	class Utils
	{
	// Note: Removed '0', 'O', '1', 'I' as problematic with some fonts
	public const CHARS = '23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ';

	/**
	* Count the number of lines in a file.
	*
	* Useful for progress bars.
	*
	* @param string $file The filepath to count the lines of.
	*
	* @return int
	*/
	public static function countLines($file)
	{
	$fh = fopen($file, 'rb');
	$numLines = 0;

	while (!feof($fh)) {
	$numLines += substr_count(fread($fh, 8192), "\n");
	}

	fclose($fh);

	return $numLines;
	}

	/**
	* Return the country ISO code for an IP address.
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	public static function countryForIP($ip)
	{
	if (strpos($ip, ':') === false) {
	$query = "
	SELECT country FROM ip4nets
	WHERE INET_ATON(net_number) <= INET_ATON(?)
	AND INET_ATON(net_broadcast) >= INET_ATON(?)
	ORDER BY INET_ATON(net_number), net_mask DESC LIMIT 1
	";
	} else {
	$query = "
	SELECT id FROM ip6nets
	WHERE INET6_ATON(net_number) <= INET6_ATON(?)
	AND INET6_ATON(net_broadcast) >= INET6_ATON(?)
	ORDER BY INET6_ATON(net_number), net_mask DESC LIMIT 1
	";
	}

	$nets = \Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB::select($query, [$ip, $ip]);

	if (sizeof($nets) > 0) {
	return $nets[0]->country;
	}

	return 'CH';
	}

	/**
	* Return the country ISO code for the current request.
	*/
	public static function countryForRequest()
	{
	$request = \request();
	$ip = $request->ip();

	return self::countryForIP($ip);
	}

	/**
	* Shortcut to creating a progress bar of a particular format with a particular message.
	*
	* @param \Illuminate\Console\OutputStyle $output Console output object
	* @param int $count Number of progress steps
	* @param string $message The description
	*
	* @return \Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\ProgressBar
	*/
	public static function createProgressBar($output, $count, $message = null)
	{
	$bar = $output->createProgressBar($count);

	$bar->setFormat(
	'%current:7s%/%max:7s% [%bar%] %percent:3s%% %elapsed:7s%/%estimated:-7s% %message% '
	);

	if ($message) {
	$bar->setMessage($message . " ...");
	}

	$bar->start();

	return $bar;
	}

	/**
	* Return the number of days in the month prior to this one.
	*
	* @return int
	*/
	public static function daysInLastMonth()
	{
	$start = new Carbon('first day of last month');
	$end = new Carbon('last day of last month');

	return $start->diffInDays($end) + 1;
	}

	/**
	* Download a file from the interwebz and store it locally.
	*
	* @param string $source The source location
	* @param string $target The target location
	* @param bool $force Force the download (and overwrite target)
	*
	* @return void
	*/
	public static function downloadFile($source, $target, $force = false)
	{
	if (is_file($target) && !$force) {
	return;
	}

	\Log::info("Retrieving {$source}");

	$fp = fopen($target, 'w');

	$curl = curl_init();
	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $source);
	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);
	curl_exec($curl);

	if (curl_errno($curl)) {
	\Log::error("Request error on {$source}: " . curl_error($curl));

	curl_close($curl);
	fclose($fp);

	unlink($target);
	return;
	}

	curl_close($curl);
	fclose($fp);
	}


	/**
	* Generate a passphrase. Not intended for use in production, so limited to environments that are not production.
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	public static function generatePassphrase()
	{
	if (\config('app.env') == 'production') {
	throw new \Exception("Thou shall not pass!");
	}

	if (\config('app.passphrase')) {
	return \config('app.passphrase');
	}

	$alphaLow = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
	$alphaUp = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
	$num = '0123456789';
	$stdSpecial = '~`!@#$%^&*()-_+=[{]}\\\|\'";:/?.>,<';

	$source = $alphaLow . $alphaUp . $num . $stdSpecial;

	$result = '';

	for ($x = 0; $x < 16; $x++) {
	$result .= substr($source, rand(0, (strlen($source) - 1)), 1);
	}

	return $result;
	}

	/**
	* Find an object that is the recipient for the specified address.
	*
	* @param string $address
	*
	* @return array
	*/
	public static function findObjectsByRecipientAddress($address)
	{
	$address = \App\Utils::normalizeAddress($address);

	list($local, $domainName) = explode('@', $address);

	$domain = \App\Domain::where('namespace', $domainName)->first();

	if (!$domain) {
	return [];
	}

	$user = \App\User::where('email', $address)->first();

	if ($user) {
	return [$user];
	}

	$userAliases = \App\UserAlias::where('alias', $address)->get();

	if (count($userAliases) > 0) {
	$users = [];

	foreach ($userAliases as $userAlias) {
	$users[] = $userAlias->user;
	}

	return $users;
	}

	$userAliases = \App\UserAlias::where('alias', "catchall@{$domain->namespace}")->get();

	if (count($userAliases) > 0) {
	$users = [];

	foreach ($userAliases as $userAlias) {
	$users[] = $userAlias->user;
	}

	return $users;
	}

	return [];
	}

	/**
	* Retrieve the network ID and Type from a client address
	*
	* @param string $clientAddress The IPv4 or IPv6 address.
	*
	* @return array An array of ID and class or null and null.
	*/
	public static function getNetFromAddress($clientAddress)
	{
	if (strpos($clientAddress, ':') === false) {
	$net = \App\IP4Net::getNet($clientAddress);

	if ($net) {
	return [$net->id, \App\IP4Net::class];
	}
	} else {
	$net = \App\IP6Net::getNet($clientAddress);

	if ($net) {
	return [$net->id, \App\IP6Net::class];
	}
	}

	return [null, null];
	}

	/**
	* Calculate the broadcast address provided a net number and a prefix.
	*
	* @param string $net A valid IPv6 network number.
	* @param int $prefix The network prefix.
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	public static function ip6Broadcast($net, $prefix)
	{
	$netHex = bin2hex(inet_pton($net));

	// Overwriting first address string to make sure notation is optimal
	$net = inet_ntop(hex2bin($netHex));

	// Calculate the number of 'flexible' bits
	$flexbits = 128 - $prefix;

	// Build the hexadecimal string of the last address
	$lastAddrHex = $netHex;

	// We start at the end of the string (which is always 32 characters long)
	$pos = 31;
	while ($flexbits > 0) {
	// Get the character at this position
	$orig = substr($lastAddrHex, $pos, 1);

	// Convert it to an integer
	$origval = hexdec($orig);

	// OR it with (2^flexbits)-1, with flexbits limited to 4 at a time
	$newval = $origval \| (pow(2, min(4, $flexbits)) - 1);

	// Convert it back to a hexadecimal character
	$new = dechex($newval);

	// And put that character back in the string
	$lastAddrHex = substr_replace($lastAddrHex, $new, $pos, 1);

	// We processed one nibble, move to previous position
	$flexbits -= 4;
	$pos -= 1;
	}

	// Convert the hexadecimal string to a binary string
	$lastaddrbin = hex2bin($lastAddrHex);

	// And create an IPv6 address from the binary string
	$lastaddrstr = inet_ntop($lastaddrbin);

	return $lastaddrstr;
	}

	/**
	* Normalize an email address.
	*
	* This means to lowercase and strip components separated with recipient delimiters.
	*
	* @param string $address The address to normalize.
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	public static function normalizeAddress($address)
	{
	$address = strtolower($address);

	+ if (strpos($address, '@') === false) {
	+ return $address;
	+ }
	+
	list($local, $domain) = explode('@', $address);

	if (strpos($local, '+') === false) {
	return "{$local}@{$domain}";
	}

	$localComponents = explode('+', $local);

	$local = array_pop($localComponents);

	return "{$local}@{$domain}";
	}

	/**
	* Provide all unique combinations of elements in $input, with order and duplicates irrelevant.
	*
	* @param array $input The input array of elements.
	*
	* @return array[]
	*/
	public static function powerSet(array $input): array
	{
	$output = [];

	for ($x = 0; $x < count($input); $x++) {
	self::combine($input, $x + 1, 0, [], 0, $output);
	}

	return $output;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the current user's email address or null.
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	public static function userEmailOrNull(): ?string
	{
	$user = Auth::user();

	if (!$user) {
	return null;
	}

	return $user->email;
	}

	/**
	* Returns a random string consisting of a quantity of segments of a certain length joined.
	*
	* Example:
	*
	* ```php
	* $roomName = strtolower(\App\Utils::randStr(3, 3, '-');
	* // $roomName == '3qb-7cs-cjj'
	* ```
	*
	* @param int $length The length of each segment
	* @param int $qty The quantity of segments
	* @param string $join The string to use to join the segments
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	public static function randStr($length, $qty = 1, $join = '')
	{
	$chars = env('SHORTCODE_CHARS', self::CHARS);

	$randStrs = [];

	for ($x = 0; $x < $qty; $x++) {
	$randStrs[$x] = [];

	for ($y = 0; $y < $length; $y++) {
	$randStrs[$x][] = $chars[rand(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
	}

	shuffle($randStrs[$x]);

	$randStrs[$x] = implode('', $randStrs[$x]);
	}

	return implode($join, $randStrs);
	}

	/**
	* Returns a UUID in the form of an integer.
	*
	* @return integer
	*/
	public static function uuidInt(): int
	{
	$hex = Uuid::uuid4();
	$bin = pack('h*', str_replace('-', '', $hex));
	$ids = unpack('L', $bin);
	$id = array_shift($ids);

	return $id;
	}

	/**
	* Returns a UUID in the form of a string.
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	public static function uuidStr(): string
	{
	return Uuid::uuid4()->toString();
	}

	private static function combine($input, $r, $index, $data, $i, &$output): void
	{
	$n = count($input);

	// Current cobination is ready
	if ($index == $r) {
	$output[] = array_slice($data, 0, $r);
	return;
	}

	// When no more elements are there to put in data[]
	if ($i >= $n) {
	return;
	}

	// current is included, put next at next location
	$data[$index] = $input[$i];
	self::combine($input, $r, $index + 1, $data, $i + 1, $output);

	// current is excluded, replace it with next (Note that i+1
	// is passed, but index is not changed)
	self::combine($input, $r, $index, $data, $i + 1, $output);
	}

	/**
	* Create self URL
	*
	* @param string $route Route/Path
	* @param int\|null $tenantId Current tenant
	*
	* @todo Move this to App\Http\Controllers\Controller
	*
	* @return string Full URL
	*/
	public static function serviceUrl(string $route, $tenantId = null): string
	{
	$url = \App\Tenant::getConfig($tenantId, 'app.public_url');

	if (!$url) {
	$url = \App\Tenant::getConfig($tenantId, 'app.url');
	}

	return rtrim(trim($url, '/') . '/' . ltrim($route, '/'), '/');
	}

	/**
	* Create a configuration/environment data to be passed to
	* the UI
	*
	* @todo Move this to App\Http\Controllers\Controller
	*
	* @return array Configuration data
	*/
	public static function uiEnv(): array
	{
	$countries = include resource_path('countries.php');
	$req_domain = preg_replace('/:[0-9]+$/', '', request()->getHttpHost());
	$sys_domain = \config('app.domain');
	$opts = [
	'app.name',
	'app.url',
	'app.domain',
	'app.theme',
	'app.webmail_url',
	'app.support_email',
	'mail.from.address'
	];

	$env = \app('config')->getMany($opts);

	$env['countries'] = $countries ?: [];
	$env['view'] = 'root';
	$env['jsapp'] = 'user.js';

	if ($req_domain == "admin.$sys_domain") {
	$env['jsapp'] = 'admin.js';
	} elseif ($req_domain == "reseller.$sys_domain") {
	$env['jsapp'] = 'reseller.js';
	}

	$env['paymentProvider'] = \config('services.payment_provider');
	$env['stripePK'] = \config('services.stripe.public_key');

	$env['languages'] = \App\Http\Controllers\ContentController::locales();
	$env['menu'] = \App\Http\Controllers\ContentController::menu();

	return $env;
	}

	/**
	* Retrieve an exchange rate.
	*
	* @param string $sourceCurrency: Currency from which to convert
	* @param string $targetCurrency: Currency to convert to
	*
	* @return float Exchange rate
	*/
	public static function exchangeRate(string $sourceCurrency, string $targetCurrency): float
	{
	if (strcasecmp($sourceCurrency, $targetCurrency) == 0) {
	return 1.0;
	}

	$currencyFile = resource_path("exchangerates-$sourceCurrency.php");

	//Attempt to find the reverse exchange rate, if we don't have the file for the source currency
	if (!file_exists($currencyFile)) {
	$rates = include resource_path("exchangerates-$targetCurrency.php");
	if (!isset($rates[$sourceCurrency])) {
	throw new \Exception("Failed to find the reverse exchange rate for " . $sourceCurrency);
	}
	return 1.0 / floatval($rates[$sourceCurrency]);
	}

	$rates = include $currencyFile;
	if (!isset($rates[$targetCurrency])) {
	throw new \Exception("Failed to find exchange rate for " . $targetCurrency);
	}

	return floatval($rates[$targetCurrency]);
	}
	}

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